Great info on Port Forwarding

[scorpion 0]

http://xantech.com/

 

REMOTE VIDEO SWITCHER (USING IR):

http://xantech.com/products/av_distribution/RS41AV.htm

 

 

 

PRE-AMP A/V DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM:

http://xantech.com/products/av_distribution/ZPR6810.htm

 

Computer to IR:

http://xantech.com/products/controllers_switchers/rs232ir.htm

 

Video Sensor Module:

http://xantech.com/products/controllers_switchers/smvid01.htm

[scorpion 0]

This was posted by intelliGEORGE on Aug 14, 2007

 

http://www.cctvforum.com/viewtopic.php?t=9599

 

 

1. Use solid core co-axial cable only, not stranded cable. The solid core must have a copper core with copper shield.

 

2. Avoid high voltage cable. A good rule to follow is: for every 100 volts there should be a separation of 1ft between the video cable and power cable.

 

3. While cabling, avoid areas like electrical equipment or transmitter rooms etc., where EMI interference is expected. This can create all types of interference to the video picture. Co-axial cable is very easily prone to EMI.

 

4. Minimize cable breaks - Every extra connection in the cable can deteriorate the quality of the video signal. If unavoidable, make sure the insulation is good; otherwise over time the exposed cable can touch the ground causing ground loop currents. It may be difficult or expensive to fix such problems in the future.

 

5. Avoid sharp bends, which affects the cable impedance causing picture reflection and distortion. This is especially true while getting all the cable into the CCTV monitor rack.

 

6. Poor BNC connections are the major cause of poor picture quality. Also BNC connectors should be replaced every couple of years and should be part of the system maintenance program.

 

7. Use metal conduits for high security applications.

 

8. Use heavy-duty cable for outdoor applications providing better protection against the elements.

 

 

IP Addressing

 

Every device connected to the network that uses the TCP/IP protocol has a unique IP address.

 

IP Address = Internet Protocol Address.

 

In the current version 4.0, the IP address is made up of four sets of numbers separated by dots. Example: 131.103.243.192. Each number set is one byte or 8 bits long. In other words the IP address is 4 bytes or 32 bits long.

Since each number set is 8 bits long, it covers a number range of 0 to 255.

 

Therefore the max number of an IP address is 255.255.255.255

 

Parts of an IP address

 

The IP address has two parts. One part is the network address, while the second part gives the device address within the network. The IP address can be compared to the mailing address

 

Network address = Zip Code

Device address = Street or PO Box address.

 

The identification of the network and device address within the IP address depends upon the classification of the network.

 

Class A:

The first number set is used to specify the network address, while remaining three number sets specify the device. Address Range: 001.xxx.xxx.xxx to 127.xxx.xxx.xxx

 

Example: 81.234.101.56

All the numbers in this class are already assigned. Government or large commercial organizations have been assigned this range.

 

Class B:

First two number sets indicate the network address, while the balance two indicate the device. Address Range: 128.001.xxx.xxx to 191.254.xxx.xxx

 

Example: 144.56.234.101

This class is assigned to universities, commercial organizations and Internet Service Providers (ISP).

 

Class C:

In this case the first 3 number sets specify the network address, while the remaining number set indicates the device address. Address Range: 192.000.001.xxx to 223.255.254.xxx

 

Example: 228.7.8.201

The maximum number of devices that can be attached to a single network address is 254; it is therefore suitable for smaller networks.

 

Shortage of IP address

 

The numbers of networks and devices have exploded in the recent past. This means that the availability of IP addresses is getting exhausted. Some

 

Options:

 

Temporary IP Address;

 

One solution to overcome the IP address shortage is to provide temporary address to devices as and when the device connects to the Internet. After the device disconnects, the same address can be given to another device, this how ISP’s operate.

 

Reduce Need for IP Address:

 

The Router, which is the starting point of the network, has a fixed IP address. All the devices connected to this network use this IP address. The router has the address list of the devices network card (NIC) and uses this address to communicate within the network.

 

IP version 6.0

 

To overcome the IP address shortage, a new version 6.0 is being proposed. It has 6 number sets separated by dots. The size of the address will be 128 bits. With the introduction of version 6.0, there would 5 classes A, B, C, D and E.

 

Resolution

 

Resolution is a key specification of any CCTV equipment. It is the quality of definition and clarity of a picture. It is defined in number of lines for an analog signal and number of pixels for a digital signal.

 

More lines or pixels = higher resolution = better picture quality.

 

Camera resolution depends upon the number of pixels in the CCD chip. If a camera manufacturer can put in more pixels in the same size CCD chip, that camera will have a better resolution. In other words the resolution is directly proportional to the number of pixels in the CCD chip. Any CCTV device has two types of resolution, vertical and horizontal:

 

Vertical Resolution

 

Vertical resolution = number of horizontal lines or pixels. The vertical resolution cannot be greater the number of TV scanning lines, which is 625 lines for PAL and 525 lines for NTSC. Because some of the lines are lost in the interlacing of fields, the maximum vertical resolution possible as per the Kell factor is 0.75 of the number of horizontal scanning lines. Using this, the maximum vertical resolution possible is

For PAL 625 X .75 = 470 lines

For NTSC 525 X .75 = 393 lines

 

Vertical resolution is not a critical issue as most camera manufacturers achieve this figure.

 

Horizontal Resolution

 

Horizontal resolution = number of vertical lines. Theoretically horizontal resolution can be increased infinitely, but the following two factors limit this

 

• It may not be technological possible to increase the number of pixels in a chip.

• As the number of pixels increase in the chip, the pixel size becomes smaller which lowers the sensitivity. There is a trade off between resolution and sensitivity.

 

If only one resolution is shown in the data sheet, it usually it is the horizontal resolution.

 

Measuring Resolution

 

There are different methods to measure resolution:

1. Resolution Chart

 

The camera is focused on a resolution chart and the vertical lines and horizontal lines are measured on the monitor. The resolution measurement is the point were the lines start merging and they cannot be separated.

 

Problems

 

• The merging point can be subjective as different people perceive it differently

• The resolution of the monitor must be higher than the camera. This is not a problem with Black and white monitors, but is a problem with many color monitors as they usually have a lower resolution as compared to a color camera.

 

2. Bandwidth Method

 

This is a scientific method to measure the resolution. The bandwidth of the video signal from the CCTV equipment is measured on an oscilloscope. Multiply this bandwidth by 80 to give the resolution of the camera.

 

Example: If the bandwidth is 5 MHz, the camera resolution will be 5 * 80 = 400 lines

 

Human Eye and CCTV Technology

 

The CCTV and video technology has been designed to meet the characteristics of the human eye. Starting with the camera, the human eye is the final recipient of the video signal. This information will explain how some of the properties of the human eye have made an impact on CCTV or video technology.

 

Eye and Persistency of Image

 

The human eye and a camera are quite similar. Both have a lens, an iris, and a light sensitive imaging area. In a camera it is the CCD chip, while in the eye it is the retina.

 

It is important to understand the Persistency of Image of the human eye. Any image formed by the eye is retained in the Retina for 40 ms (0.004 sec) only and after that it disappears.

 

This is known as the persistency of the human eye. For continuity it is necessary that the next frame or image is formed within 40 ms, if not, the human will see discrete frames with no continuity.

 

Converting this to frames per sec, it means the human eye requires a minimum of 24 frames per sec for a picture to look continuous. This basic concept was used when PAL and NTSC TV transmission standards were set up.

 

NTSC has 30 frames per sec, and is used in USA and Japan.

PAL has 25 frames per sec, and is popular in Europe and Asia

 

On the surface; both these standards meet the minimum requirements, but have an underlying problem. In both PAL and NTSC systems, there is a certain time taken when the first frame comes to an end and the next frame starts. During this time a blank pulse is added.

 

Since the PAL and NTSC systems are just above the minimum requirement, the human eye is able to perceive the blank pulse between the frames and this is seen as screen flickering. To overcome this problem, the frame is divided into two fields – odd and even fields. This way the blank pulse appears 50 times (PAL) and 60 times (NTSC) every sec. At this frequency, the human cannot perceive the blank pulse and therefore the screen flickering is avoided.

 

This is not an issue with computer monitors because the refresh rate is 100 times per sec and they do not use the PAL or NTSC standards.

 

A point of interest - have you seen the moving lines on a computer monitor while watching television? This is because of the different refresh rates of a computer and TV.

 

We discussed the concept of persistency of the human eye and why we require at least 25 frames per sec for the moving images to look continuous. In part 2, we will deal with the sensitivity of the human eye, which in many ways determines the bandwidth of the digital signal and also the video compression techniques used.

 

Basic Colors

 

It is known that the three basic colors of light are Red, Green and Blue (RGB). These colors are mixed and matched to form all the different colors.

An analysis of the spectral response of the human eye reveals that it is most sensitive to green light, while the response to red and blue is limited. Based on this finding, the brightness of a picture (Y) can be defined by the following equation:

 

Y = 0.3R (Red) + 0.59G (Green) + 0.11B (Blue)

 

A composite video signal contains Brightness Y and the basic colors RGB in the color burst. When converting this analog signal into a digital signal, sampling the green signal is not necessary. Only the Brightness, Blue and Red are part of the digital signal. This is also called the YUV (Brightness, Primary color 1, Primary color 2) signal.

 

Green is reconstructed by using the above equation

G = (Y - 0.3R - 0.11B) / 0.59

 

This helps reduce the size or bandwidth of the digital signal as only three components are used, instead of four.

 

Sampling Colors

 

The human eye has 120 million Rods and 8 million Cones. These are like pixels in the CCD chip. A CCD chip only has about 350,000 pixels, meaning a much lower picture quality as compared to the human eye. Rods are sensitive to the brightness of an image while cones handle the color. Since the numbers of available cones are limited, the sensitivity of the human eye to colors in a moving picture is not very high. Because of this, it is possible to reduce the image bandwidth by reducing the sampling rate of colors as compared to Y.

 

4:4:4 sampling

 

Here each pixel in the chip is sampled for brightness (Y), Primary color 1 (U) and primary color 2 (V). For a digital signal with 640X 480 pixels (307 KB), the bandwidth would be

 

307 KB (Y) + 307 KB (U) + 307 KB (V) = 921 KB

 

4:2:2 sampling

 

Here each pixel is sampled for Y (640X 480), but only every alternate horizontal pixel is sampled (320 X 480) for the color component. The bandwidth in this case will be

 

307 KB (Y) + 154 KB (U) + 154 KB (V) = 615 KB

 

This color sampling process is used in JPEG and MPEG compression

 

4:2:0 sampling

 

Here each pixel is sampled for Y (640X 480), but only every alternate horizontal and vertical pixel is sampled (320 X 240) for color. The bandwidth in this case will be

 

307 KB (Y) + 77 KB (U) + 77 KB (V) = 461 KB

 

To further reduce the image size, different compression techniques like JPEG, MPEG and Wavelet are used.

 

Lens Construction and Chromatic Aberration

 

To understand the construction of the lens, it is important to understand the theory of light. The speed of light when traveling through air is roughly 299,460 km per second. When light passes from air into a denser medium at an angle, like glass or water, its speed slows down by the index of refraction of the medium. The following table gives a comparison for the various mediums.

 

Medium Index of Refraction Speed of Light

Air / Vacuum 1.0 299,460 km/sec

Water 1.33 225,158 km/sec

Glass 1.5 199,640 km/sec

Diamond 2.42 123,744 km/sec

 

As the wave of propagation is still continuous, this slowing down bends the light beam when it enters the new medium. It is similar to a bicycle changing direction when it enters sand from road. This basic principle is used in the construction of a lens. Convex and concave lenses are the basic lens types that make the light beam converge and diverge respectively. These basic lens types are mixed and matched to give a wide variety of lenses.

 

Chromatic Aberration of Light

 

When light is refracted through glass, a lens error called chromatic aberration occurs. What is chromatic aberration? Visible light is made of different colors and each color has a different frequency. These colors will bend differently compared to each other when they pass through a single convex lens, resulting in a scattered focal point, meaning the picture will not be focused properly.

 

To overcome this error, several different lenses are grouped together. This can make the lens construction complex and therefore more expensive. There are lenses available that do not resolve the chromatic error accurately and are not compatible for use with color cameras, as they will not give a sharp focus for all the colors in the picture. The same reasoning and logic is applicable for the infrared frequency range also. For this reason, in many cases, when an infrared illuminator is used with a monochrome camera the picture is not properly focused.

 

Lens Construction and Quality

 

Different Glass Groups in a lens

 

Many people are under the impression that a lens is made up of a single lens. This is not true. Besides glass pieces required for correcting chromatic aberration, additional glass is also required:

 

• To focus the lens on objects at different distances

 

When the lens focus moves from one object to another at a different distance, or when it follows a moving object, the lens elements reposition, i.e. the focal point changes and the picture thus always remain clear. This is not a problem with the human eye which varies the thickness of the lens. A long way to go to catch up with this advanced technology!

 

• To achieve different focal lengths in a zoom lens

 

The glass pieces move in relation to each other to achieve different magnification of the object, resulting in different focal lengths in a zoom lens.

 

Factors effecting lens quality

 

During construction, the following factors will determine the quality of the lens.

 

1. Number of glass pieces used

 

More glass pieces combined together in a lens may help in reducing chromatic error, improving focusing etc, but will increase light absorption, resulting in lesser light availability to the camera. There is a trade off between accuracy and absorption.

 

2. Absorption factor of the glass

 

Poor quality glass will absorb more light, again resulting in lower light availability to the camera. Obviously glass with lower absorption factor will cost more.

 

3. Coating and polishing:

 

The quality of coating and polishing of the glass can improve lens quality.

 

4. Mechanism:

 

Precision and reliability of the mechanism that moves the glass pieces within the lens is important. Poor quality mechanisms can lead to inaccurate settings that may not be consistent.

 

Different Elements of a Zoom Lens

 

A zoom lens is a lens that can be changed in focal length continuously without losing focus. Magnification of a scene can be changed with a single lens, but every time the position shifts, the lens must be refocused. If two lenses are combined, it is possible to change the magnification without disturbing the focus. A zoom lens is made of the following groups

 

1. Focusing lens group: The focusing lens group brings an object into focus. It moves irrespective of the zoom ratio or current focal length.

 

2. Variator lens group: The variator lens group changes the size or magnification of the image

 

3. Compensator lens group: When moved in relation to the variator group, the compensator lens group corrects the shift in focus.

 

Lens groups 1 to 3 are the core of the zoom lens, and are called the zoom unit

 

4. Relay lens: Since the zoom unit does not converge light, the relay lens group is placed behind it to focus the object on to the CCD chip.

Zoom lens design requires extensive optical path tracing and continues self correcting performance evaluation effort. It also involves the use of powerful computers and specialist software.

 

Camera Sensitivity / Minimum Scene Illumination

 

Sensitivity, measured in lux indicates the minimum light level required to get an acceptable video picture. There is a great deal of confusion in the CCTV industry over this specification. There are two definitions "sensitivity at faceplate" and "minimum scene illumination"

 

• Sensitivity at faceplate indicates the minimum light required at the CCD chip to get an acceptable video picture. This looks good on paper, but in reality does not give any indication of the light required at the scene.

 

• Minimum scene illumination indicates the minimum light required at the scene to get an acceptable video picture. Though the correct way to show this specification, it depends upon a number of variables. Usually the variables used in the data sheet are never the same as in the field and therefore do not give a correct indication of the actual light required. For example a camera indicating the minimum scene illumination is 0.1 lux. Moon light provides this light level, but when this camera is installed in moon light, the picture quality is either poor or there is no picture. Why does this happen? It is because the field variables are not the same as those used in the data sheet.

 

How does it work?

 

Usually light falls on the subject. A certain percentage is absorbed and the balance is reflected and this moves toward the lens in the camera. Depending upon the iris opening of the camera a certain portion of the light falls on the CCD chip. This light then generates a charge, which is converted into a voltage. The following variables should be shown in the data sheet while indicating the minimum scene illumination.

 

• Reflectance

• F Stop

• Usable Video

• AGC

• Shutter speed

 

Reflectance

 

Light from a light source falls on the subject. Depending upon the surface reflectivity, a certain portion of this light is reflected back which moves towards the camera. Below are a few examples of surface reflectivity.

 

• snow = 90%

• grass = 40%

• brick = 25%

• black = 5%

 

Most camera manufacturers use an 89% or 75% (white surface) reflectance surface to define the minimum scene illumination. If the actual scene you are watching has the same reflectance as in the data sheet, then there is no problem, but in most cases this is not true. If you are watching a black car, only 5% of the light is reflected and therefore at least 15 times more light is required at the scene to give the same amount of reflected light. To compensate for the mismatch, use the modification factor shown below.

 

Modification factor F1 = Rd/Ra

Rd = reflectance used in the data sheet

Ra = reflectance of the actual scene

 

Lens Speed

 

The reflected light starts moving towards the camera. The first device it meets is the lens, which has a certain iris opening. While specifying the minimum scene illumination, the data sheet usually specifies an F Stop of F1.4 or F1.2. F Stop gives an indication of the iris opening of the lens. The larger the F Stop value, the smaller the iris opening and vice versa. If the lens being used at the scene does not have the same iris opening, then the light required at the scene requires to be compensated for the mismatch in the iris opening.

 

Modification factor F2=- Fa² / Fd²

Fa = F-stop of actual lens

Fd = F-stop of lens used in data sheet.

 

Usable Video

 

After passing through the lens the light reaches the CCD chip and generates a charge which is proportional to the light falling on a pixel. This charge is read out and converted into a video signal. Usable video is the minimum video signal specified in the camera data sheet to generate an acceptable picture on the monitor. It is usually measured as a percentage of the full video.

 

Example: 30% usable video = 30% of 0.7 volts (full video or maximum video amplitude) = 0.2 volts. The question here is: Is this acceptable?

 

Unfortunately there is no standard definition for usable video in the industry and most manufacturers do not indicate their definition in the data sheet while measuring the minimum scene illumination.

 

It is recommended to be aware of the useable video percentage used by the manufacturer while specifying the minimum scene illumination in the data sheet. The minimum scene illumination should be modified if the useable video used in the data sheet is not acceptable.

 

Modification Factor F3 = Ua/Ud

Ua = actual video required at the site as % of full video

Ud = usable video % used by the manufacturer

 

AGC

 

AGC stands for Automatic Gain Control. As the light level reduces the AGC switches on and the video signal gets a boost. Unfortunately, the noise present also gets a boost. However when the light levels are high, the AGC switches off automatically, because the boost could overload the pixels causing vertical streaking etc.

 

The data sheet should indicate if the AGC is “Onâ€

[rory 0]

Very good job Scorpion, information overload, yes we need to get this as a sticky and keep it , how bout it mod?

 

Done!

[scorpion 0]

LEAP FROG TRAINING

http://www.ltctrainingcntr.com/

Edited May 17, 2008 by Guest

[scorpion 0]

VIDEO & CONTROL INTERFACE PRODUCTS

 

http://www.sennetech.net/

[VT 0]

Very Nice Work / Job..

Scorpion , Thank You for putting your time into it.

Love your Sig.. And it's so true.

 

 

VT

[scorpion 0]

QUESTION: Why is there always enough time to go back and fix it right a second time??

 

Boy Have I been quilty of this in the past!!

 

 

I am glad this information can be a resource to just about any CCTV project that you can think of.

 

I posted this info here as a back up as well....

 

http://scorpiontheater.com/links.aspx

[scorpion 0]

Firestop Info:

 

http://www.uniquefirestop.com/smooth.htm

 

Home Page

http://www.uniquefirestop.com/products.htm

 

Instructions:

http://www.uniquefirestop.com/smooth3.htm

 

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

 

Guide to Cabling:

 

http://www.vdvworks.com/UncleTed/

 

http://www.vdvworks.com/UncleTed/PDF/uncleted.pdf

 

___________________________________________________________

 

Introduction To Structured Cabling:

 

http://www.scausa.org/scaintroppt/SCA.htm

 

_________________________________________________________

 

STRUCTURED CABLING ASSOCIATION:

http://www.scausa.org/

 

____________________________________________________________

 

Certification Info:

 

 

http://www.naaa.org/index.php?s=29

 

http://www.iscwest.com/app/homepage.cfm?appname=180&moduleID=302&LinkID=29889

 

 

http://www.nicet.org/

http://www.nicet.org/candidates/programs/video.cfm

http://www.nicet.org/candidates/programs/videotechnician.cfm

 

 

https://www.asisonline.org/store/program_detail.xml?id=6348

 

 

 

UK

http://www.the-sia.org.uk/home/licensing/cctv/cctv.htm

 

 

____________________________________________________________

 

____________________________________________________________

 

BICSI

 

http://www.bicsi.org/

 

Telecommunications Distribution Methods Manual

http://www.bicsi.org/Content/Index.aspx?File=tdmpubs.htm

 

Training:

http://www.bicsi.org/content/index.aspx?file=trainingindex.aspx

 

Course Discriptions:

http://www.bicsi.org/content/index.aspx?file=coursedes.htm

 

Commercial Installer

http://www.bicsi.org/content/index.aspx?file=installoverview.htm

 

 

Cable Skills Challange! Who will win??

 

http://www.bicsi.org/Content/index.aspx?file=08rel/080430_cablingchallenge.html

 

_________________________________________________________

 

 

Search Help For BICSI

 

Try these keywords to find a cert exam that suits you the best!

 

 

BICSI Free Test Paper

Cheap BICSI Study Note

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[cctv_sol 0]

wow...there are so many links, and all from one person. how much time you spent to find so many info?!

[scorpion 0]

It came about in many different ways.

 

I may be pounding my head against the wall, and then I "Google" for answers, or I am working on a project, and I start "researching".

 

There have been customers that have wanted an oddball solution to something, and I try to find a "trick".

 

Some of it come from looking at one item then going on a tangent. Portforward leads to router info which leads to the home page of a list of companies, and then on to wireless info, and then you stumble on a forum for something, and you find a help tip, or a valued link, and from posts in the forum you find another website that has tips, and tricks, and then you find the link page, and you tangent down the line.

 

I do not know how many years there are, but a minimum 5 years all together, and maybe 2 to 3 years on the AVTech stuff.

 

I work with PI, and spy shops so I end up doing GPS searches, and wireless camera searches ect.

 

Sometimes I will see a post at CCTV forum that makes me want to learn more, and I do it more for my own "giggles".

 

The website was actually a beta test that Microsoft who asked me to test the product, and I just built that site as a dummy site. When MS went live with the product I continued to add pages from my own notes.

 

It is kind of nice to see someone with a question, and I can do a quick cut, and paste to provide the answer, or the info.

 

I see about 4000 hits on the website and I can see what people type in to the search engine that brought them to my site. Interesting stuff if you like to track trends. I can see the moment that a company goes "green" and they no longer include paper manuals in the box. I get hit all at once with "manual AVC 760.....videoserver s.... (S??? Who is still using s???).

 

If I had more time I could clean it up some, or add more stuff.

 

My business advisor has told me to shut it down, or charge for the services.

 

Wow! I made it free to help people. The economy is making it so that I have to charge for manuals, and downloads.

 

Maybe it would be better to let the site go. I do not know what to do.

 

Yeesh, this economy sucks!

[Aban-CCTV-Camera 0]

Great info, thanks .

[shockwave199 0]

This is the best I've found. Read every tab- especially if you are new to the process.

 

http://wifi-wiz.net/

 

Dan

[shuban 0]

Just great. Thanks admin.

[kolson88 0]

a bunch of great links. Thanks guys

[stefanmurk 0]

wow, nice selection of useful links in here.

 

But I couldnt find any setting for a Fritzbox 7170. Ideas?

[scorpion 0]

Manual

http://www.voiptalk.org/products/pdf/manual_7170_english.pdf

 

Flashing a Friztbox

http://rukerneltool.rainerullrich.de/ruKernelTool-HowTo-7170-from-AnnexBgerman-to-58.04.82AnnexAenglish_EN.pdf

 

I need to change the setting of router Fritz Box. The setting were set by another person. I can't connect to router using cable, may be standard port or address were changed. So the only option is to switch to factory settings. Usually there is a button which deletes all the settings. I read the documentation and they tell to call the number #991*15901590* on the router. Do I have to connect telephone to router?

 

The fritz.box 7170 is always available on http://169.254.1.1. (Just set the IP address manually in the range of 169.254.1.x)

 

 

 

Info from this website:

http://www.nat32.com/nat32e/htm/fritz.htm

 

Introduction

Fritz!Box is a very powerful DSL Wireless Router with several unique features:

 

•Certified firewall protects all your local computers.

•Acts as a private telephone exchange for two lines and several telephones.

•Supports VOIP Internet Telephony from any attached phone.

•Supports IEEE 802.11g++ for added range and speed.

•Excellent DSL throughput, even at high bit rates.

•Traffic Shaping allocates DSL bandwidth fairly amongst applications.

•Most models allow USB Drives and Printers to be attached.

•Functionality can be extended by starting programs on a USB storage device.

 

NAT32 Builds 1048 and later have Fritz!Box control and configuration support via a upnpc command.

 

Full details of the latest Fritz!Box models are here: Fritz!Box Home

 

The Fritz!Box Fon WLAN Annex A Version (Part Number 2000 1681) works perfectly in Australia and other countries that have non-ISDN (POTS) telephone networks. It comes with English firmware and instructions and can be ordered from: Sipgate (UK).

 

Tips and Tricks

 

•When using a phone with the Fritz!Box, you may hear a continuous buzzing noise when you try to make a call. This is mains hum caused by an earth loop of some sort. To get rid of it, substitute a normal CAT5 unshielded twisted pair Ethernet cable for the red shielded cable that came with the box.

•To turn on the Telnet Server in the Fritzbox, pick up your phone and then type: #96*7*

•Update: The Telnet Server was omitted from many recent firmware updates, and so the above may not work. To fix this problem, download this file: http://www.telefonsparbuch.de/software/fritzbox/TelefonSparbuch_Telnet04.30.tar and install it on your FritzBox as a firmware update.

Start the Windows Telnet Client

 

•To start the Telnet Server when your Fritz!Box boots, enter the following commands:

echo '#!/bin/sh'>/var/rc.user

echo '/usr/sbin/telnetd -l /sbin/ar7login'>>/var/rc.user

cat /var/rc.user > /var/flash/debug.cfg

 

•The sequence #96*8* turns off the Telnet Server.

•To install and start an FTP Server on your Fritz!Box, see Tuning and Hacking the Fritz!Box (In German).

•If you have a 7170 Fritz!Box, it is already running an FTP server that you can use to access a USB drive.

•To map that drive to a Windows drive letter, download and install the free NetDrive program from here: Download NetDrive

•The NetDrive help file (in Windows CHM format) is available here: NetDrive Help.

•Tip: If NetDrive doesn't start automatically at boot-time, locate the netdrive.exe file and rename it to webdrive.exe.

•Be sure to check for the latest firmware for your Fritz!box here: Fritz!Box Firmware

•If you are using Internet Explorer 7 (or later), be sure to add 192.168.178.1 to the list of trusted sites, otherwise the firmware update will not work. This is because the pathname of the update file is stripped by IE7 and the firmware file can then not be found.

•Open the Fritz!Box DSL packet trace window.

 

How to Edit Configuration Files

 

 

Start the Windows Telnet Client

•Start the Fritz!Box editor nvi.

•To edit say the voip.cfg file, enter: nvi /var/flash/voip.cfg

• Type / to search for text, i to enter edit mode, then make the needed changes.

•ESC returns to command mode, :w saves the file, :q exits the editor.

•Command reboot restarts the Fritz!Box.

• Command exit exits Telnet.

[krunaldesai 0]

Hello, I have created one Lan network. In this I have one dns server. I want to give the same IP Address to the dns server as well as IP address for the Default Gateway of my lan network to Forward my all lan trafic to the router.

I don't know about this. If anybody know about this please help me.

[ecrey 0]

Does anyone have any idea as to how I might reset my DVR. When I go into the menu some of the sub-menus are missing, such as the advance menu does not show the net config sub-menu page. or the backup menu can't be accessed. The machine is a 16-channel AVTECH AVC787D. Also the DVD-RW does not eject. However when the system boots the DVD is accessed but the draw doesn't open.

[knightrider163 0]

great links thank you

[omalleymso 0]

Here is a video I made on how to open ports for Comcast routers

 

 

I also made one for AT&T routers. The videos are pretty straight forward and walk you through all the steps as I do them with big blue arrows. Should at least make sense of what you are trying to get done in case your router has different menus at some point.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-y_oPxLtkuE

 

 

Good luck guys and feel free to ask me questions here!

[ssnapier 0]

Holy crap, that went in many other directions than just port forwarding! " title="Applause" /> " title="Applause" /> " title="Applause" />

[zcctv 0]

How do you do port forwarding securely?

[Carl from J 0]

Wow, so much informatioin. Great! 

[harryhales 0]

Very good job Scorpion, information overload, yes we need to get this as a sticky and keep it , how bout it mod?